eSignature law in Egypt

Electronic signatures are legally binding in Egypt under the E-Signature Law No. 15 of 2004, which gives certified electronic signatures the same authority as handwritten signatures.

Governing law: E-Signature Law No. 15 of 2004 (and its Executive Regulations) (2004)

Egypt's E-Signature Law No. 15 of 2004 gives electronic signatures, electronic writings and electronic records the same legal validity and evidential authority as their handwritten and paper equivalents, provided they meet the technical and certification conditions set out in the law and its Executive Regulations. The Information Technology Industry Development Agency (ITIDA) supervises the licensing of certification service providers who issue the certificates underpinning higher-assurance signatures. The law requires that the signature be uniquely linked to and under the sole control of the signer, and that the associated data allow detection of any later alteration. Certified electronic signatures issued within this framework carry a legal presumption of authenticity and are used across commercial, banking and government transactions.

What makes an eSignature valid in Egypt

• The signature is uniquely linked to and identifies the signer
• The signer has sole control of the signature-creation means
• Any later alteration of the signature or document is detectable
• Consent to transact electronically
• A certificate from an ITIDA-licensed certification service provider for certified status

Where eSignatures are not valid

• Personal-status and family-law matters
• Documents requiring official authentication or a specific statutory form
• Certain real-estate and registration procedures
• Instruments the law reserves to paper

FAQ

Are electronic signatures legal in Egypt?

Yes. Under E-Signature Law No. 15 of 2004, electronic signatures and records have the same legal validity and evidential authority as handwritten ones when the law's conditions are met.

Who regulates electronic signatures in Egypt?

The Information Technology Industry Development Agency (ITIDA) supervises the licensing of certification service providers whose certificates support certified electronic signatures.

Can I sign a commercial contract electronically in Egypt?

Yes. Commercial and banking contracts are valid with electronic signatures under Law No. 15 of 2004, subject to exclusions such as personal-status matters.